<p>The probe inclinometer is deceptively easy to use. Its use has become increasingly commonplace, but what influences accuracy is less known. This paper describes the charactristics of four systematic errors that can occur and provides some guidance for recognizing ...

<p>For decades it has been common practice in the geotechnical industry to install diaphragm piezometers (pore pressure sensors) in boreholes using methods developed for standpipe piezometers in saturated soil (Dunnicliff, 1988, 1993). Surrounding a diaphragm ...

The backfill for a borehole instrument is often an item that receives a disproportionate lack of attention. The behavior of the backfill, the material that is in the most intimate contact with both the formation and the instrument, is critical for obtaining ...

<p>Inclinometers have steadily gained widespread use for measuring deformations In landslides, natural slope creep, temporary excavations, earth and rock embankments, slurry walls, shafts, tunnels, lateral pile movements, and settlements beneath tanks, fills, ...