The U.S. Bureau of Mines is investigating longwall panel layouts to maximize coal recovery and minimize interactive problems in multiple-seam operations. When coalbeds are longwall-mined in descending order, the transfer of stress from overlying gate roads ...

An accurate assessment of the vertical stress on a coal seam at depth is important for mine design. Vertical stress calculation techniques presently available either are not sufficiently accurate or cannot handle complex surface topography. Therefore, the ...

This U.S. Bureau of Mines report examines the roof and floor contact pressure provided by the interaction of a shield with the surrounding strata. Controlled forces were applied to an 800-ton two-leg shield in the Bureau's mine roof simulator the distribution ...

<p>This report is intended as a guideline and not as a comprehensive documentary of mine equipment. Installation of equipment in a mine should be done only by people thoroughly qualified to do such work. Installations should follow procedures recommended by ...