The primary objective of this study is to propose a Limit States Design method for shallow and deep foundations that is based on a rational, probability-based investigation of design methods. In particular, Load and Resistance Factor Design is used to facilitate the Limit States Design methodology. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to 1) provide guidance on the choice of values for load factors; 2) develop recommendations on how to determine characteristic soil resistances under various design settings; 3) develop resistance factors compatible with the load factors and the method of determining characteristic resistance.