The occurrence of subsidence, either by natural or anthropogenic factors, is of concern in engineering practice due to the potential impacts on infrastructure, natural resources and the environment. Subsidence is a complex phenomenon involving different processes that usually are coupled. Multidisciplinary work involving geology, hydrogeology, geomechanics and environmental engineering is required to understand properly the main mechanisms associated with subsidence. The growing interest in Coal Seam Gas (CSG) as an untapped energy source in Australia means that it is now necessary to evaluate the potential subsidence, as well as the possible mitigation measures, that are available to minimize and/or control subsidence during gas extraction.