This report summarizes the findings of the first phase of a long-term research program. It provides some preliminary results and recommendations for estimating (1) the amplitude of liquefaction-induced ground displacement
and (2) the probability for these displacements to exceed some threshold amplitude. The amplitude and probabilistic models of liquefaction-induced ground deformation are based on measured displacement data, topographical data, soil borehole information, and earthquake data prior to the 1994 Northridge earthquake and 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake. In this report, the present state of understanding of the mechanisms of liquefaction-induced ground deformation has been reviewed based on past work in the field, laboratory, shaking table tests, centrifuge experiments, and empirical and analytical modeling.