<p>Firstly, a discrete equation of motion of free spanning submarine pipeline was derived. The spatially varying earthquake ground motions, the internal pressure and the thermal load were imposed on the FE model. The nonlinear material constitutional relationships ...

In this paper the conventional approach to pipeline stability design is reviewed and compared with experiments. A failure mechanism of pipelines on liquefied seabeds is analyzed. An analytical model to predict the pipelines sinking depth is proposed, and the ...