This study examines the suitability of natural silica sand as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and heavy metals, particularly iron and zinc, from semi-aerobic stabilized landfill leachate.

<p>This paper presents pilot study results from two projects in which innovative vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland systems are being used to treat municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate.</p>