Bellow hose settlement gauges were used to measure vertical soil heave during the installation of concrete piles in sensitive marine clay. The equipment is described and the sources of error are discussed.

<p>Soil disturbance due to the driving of two groups of 16 concrete piles each in sensitive marine clay was studies on a construction project in eastern Canada. Pore pressures, heave and lateral movement of soil and piles and tests of strength, compressibility ...

Terrestrial photogrammetry was used to monitor movements of previously driven piles during the installation of 116 concrete piles in sensitive marine clay. The technique and equipment used are described and the sources of error discussed.