The reliability-based design of shallow foundations is generally implemented via a load and resistance factor design methodology embedded in a limit states design framework. For any particular limit state, the design proceeds by ensuring that the factored resistance exceeds the factored load effects. Load and resistance factors are determined so as to ensure that the resulting design is sufficiently safe. Load factors are typically prescribed in structural codes and take into account load uncertainty. Factors applied to the resistance depend on both uncertainty in the resistance (accounted for by a resistance factor) and the target failure probability (accounted for by a consequence factor). This paper concentrates on how the consequence factor can be defined and specified in order to adjust the target reliability of a shallow foundation.