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REVIEW OF FACE AREA SUPPORT FOR AMANDELBULT NO. 2 SHAFT AND SUBSEQUENT INTRODUCTION OF CABLE ANCHORS (2008)

Rustenburg Platinum Mines, Amandelbult Section, part of the Anglo Platinum Group, is a platinum mine situated in the Bushveld Igneous Complex, 80 km north of Rustenburg, South Africa. Mining of the tabular orebody is done at a stoping height of 1.2 to 1.8 m in an underhand stoping configuration. The rock engineering personnel at No. 2 Shaft were faced with the challenge of addressing a large, and increasing, number of falls of grounds in the face and back areas. The cumulative fall of ground data, recorded over a period of one year, indicated that 80% of the falls were 3 m thick in these areas. The support being used at this time was 1 m tendons and pencil sticks. To address the problem, the support resistance immediately behind the face area was increased dramatically as a first attempt to stabilise the face area and thereby stop the falls. 1 m long tendons were continued in an attempt to support the beam between the last line of support and the face. The larger falls of ground in face areas were stopped by this step, but smaller falls of ground continued. Large falls of ground still took place in back areas. Fall of ground data indicated that the  thickness of hangingwall that had to be supported in face areas was just less than 1.5 m. Therefore the 1 m long tendons were replaced by 1.5 m cable anchors in the face area. RSS/Mesh grout packs were introduced to support back areas at the stage where pencil sticks were beyond their yielding capacity. The number of falls of ground in face areas was dramatically reduced. This support system has now evolved into “timber-less stopes” where the fall out thickness is supported by means of cable anchors and grout packs only.
Reference:
6th International Symposium on Ground Support in Mining and Civil Engineering Construction, an ISRM-Sponsored Regional Symposium
South Africa
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