This monograph is intended to be used as a “PB Guideline” for assessing tunnelling-induced risks to adjacent structures in urban environments. It is expected that it will also promote awareness of such risks among PB engineers
who are involved in proposals, concept studies and detailed designs of tunnel
projects. When we, in turn, make tunnel owners and builders aware of such risks at the early stages of the project, we help them to avoid financial risk to the project. In addition, our having more accurate information about tunnelling induced risks in the early stages of project development will open avenues for working with major banks and insurance companies covering tunnelling projects
in urban areas.