Turkey, being located in a highly seismically active region, has experienced several devastating earthquakes throughout its history. The recent Mw 7.4 1999 Kocaeli and Mw 7.2 2011 Van earthquakes caused a considerable amount of economical losses and physical damage, along with great numbers of casualties. This is due to not only to the high seismicity of the region but also due to the high physical vulnerability of the built environment. Therefore, developing an effective seismic hazard assessment along with a comprehensive seismic risk evaluation becomes an important matter for a sustainable development of the country. As both of these components involve uncertainties, a probabilistic scheme to calculate the seismic losses needs to be employed. This paper provides some important outcomes of a probabilistic seismic risk analysis for Turkey. The results of this comprehensive assessment are crucial to understand how the risk is distributed across Turkey and thus how this risk can be effectively managed.