<p>Continuous monitoring of subsurface ground movements is accomplished with in-place instruments utilizing automated data acquisition methods. These typically include TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) or assemblies of several servo-accelerometer-based, electrolytic ...

Monitoring data that can be used in conjunction with current numerical capabilities are discussed, including laser scanning and webcams for developing an accurate record of construction activities, and automated and remote instrumentations to measure movements ...

<p>The Riverside large deep excavation of Shanghai international passenger center was 800m long and 100&ndash;150m wide with the depth of 13 m. The south long side of the deep excavation was at a distance of 4.6m from the parallel flood wall of Huangpu River. ...

<p>During the design phase of a tunnel, one of the concerns of tunnel engineers is estimating ground movements induced by tunneling, in order to take steps to prevent or minimize possible damage caused by these movements, to adjacent structures. In this work, ...

<p>Early warning systems are becoming one of the main pillars of disaster prevention in natural hazards especially where mitigation strategies are not realizable. Therefore, the call for multi-hazard early warning systems and improvement of monitoring of natural ...

<p>A new simple model for representing buildings is presented to allow a designer to make realistic simplifications to a building system that is consistent with major features of the structure so that the response to ground movements can be adequately represented.</p ...

Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a remote sensing electrical measurement technique that has been used for many years to determine the spatial location and nature of various cable faults. In the 1950s TDR technology was adapted to locate and identify faults ...

Excavation for a cut and cover highway tunnel underpass was designed and constructed using deep soil mixing in order to limit ground movements.