<p>Recent years have witnessed a growing investigation of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for monitoring the deformation of tunnels. TLS provides the ability to obtain a more accurate and complete description of the tunnel surfaces, allowing the determination ...

<p>Tunnel monitoring is an important task in civil engineering that aims at determining the stability and safety of a structure by using information about its deformations. In this paper we present the development and the results of a fast method for displacement ...

<p>Different challenging tunnel projects in the downtown area of the city of Mainz in Germany are presented. These tunnels run parallel in a distance of 4 m to max. 50 m. The tunnels were built in soft soil conditions consisting of filling, clay and marl layers ...

<p>Tunnel accident is apt to become a serious disaster when it occurs. But tunnel construction is being increased rapidly in Korea because tunnel has advantages and usefulness. According to Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, total length ...