The applicability of the dynamic programming method to two-dimensional slope stability analyses is studied. The critical slip surface is defined as the slip surface that yields the minimum value of an optimal function. The only assumption regarding the shape of the critical slip surface is that the surface is an assemblage of linear segments. Stresses acting along the critical slip surface are computed using a finite element stress analysis. Assumptions associated with limit equilibrium methods of slices related to the shape of the critical slip surface and the relationship between interslice forces are no longer required. A computer program named DYNPROG was developed based on the proposed analytical procedure, and numerous example problems have been analyzed. Results obtained when using DYNPROG were compared with those obtained when using several well-known limit equilibrium methods. The comparisons demonstrate that the dynamic programming method provides a superior solution when compared with conventional limit equilibrium methods. Analyses conducted also show that factors of safety computed when using the dynamic programming method are generally slightly lower than those computed using conventional limit equilibrium methods of slices; however, as Poisson’s ratio approaches 0.5, the computed factors of safety from the dynamic programming method and the limit equilibrium method appear to become similar.