<p>Generally, two-pass lining systems are used for transportation tunnels constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). The initial lining can support a significant portion of the long-term ground loads and thus reduce the design loads on the ...

It is inappropriate, if not meaningless, to attempt to apply limit state design methods, such as those encapsulated in Eurocode 7, to the design of primary support for tunnels in rock, particularly weak rock or any rock under high stress. By reference to some ...

In this paper a 3-D thin shell strain analysis has been presented, regarding long cylindrical underground structures (buried pipelines and tunnels) subjected to seismic shear (S) wave excitation.

<p>In this paper detailed engineering geological characterization and performance observations were carried out at the site of the Kallat tunnel in the north east of Iran. Numerical modeling studies (FEM and DEM) based on mapped field data and laboratory data, ...

During a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) project in Kunming city, Southwestern China the engineering geological conditions encountered at a distance of 7km consisted of folded, faulted, weak rocks, high ground stress and groundwater problems. The problems of collapse, ...

<p>A design approach is discussed for the structural rehabilitation of concrete lined tunnels. Depending on the severity of damage, and on the causes that produced it, three levels of rehabilitation are illustrated. They range from light repairs of the inner ...

<p>This paper describes case studies of building developments around tunnels. The case studies highlight a number of fundamental issues that have to be addressed when assesing the potential interaction between building construction around existing tunnels.</p ...

This paper describes a three- dimensional fnite element analysis in which the tunnel, the soil and a building are all treated in a single analysis.

<p>In underground construction, ground water inflow and rock mass stability has been a challenging problem. Especially the tunnels constructed below ground water table are often exposed to risk of ground water inflow. Protection of underground structures against ...

<p>An extensive programme of research has been carried out at Oxford University on finite element analysis of the interaction between masonry buildings and ground movements induced by tunnelling. The focus has been on the development of a predictive tool for ...