<p>Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls reinforced by geogrids and geotextiles have seen a tremendous growth over the past thirty years. However, along with this growth has come numerous failures consisting of excessive deformation and, in some cases, ...

In this paper the corresponding physical phenomena of liquefaction are briefly described. Among them are: compressibility of soil skeleton, dilation, contraction, elastic versus plastic deformation, interaction between pore water and soil skeleton, compressibility ...

<p>Results from studies into long-term changes in soil pore and moisture characteristics on land restored after surface mining in the UK will be presented. Recolonisation of soils by earthworms is a key factor in developing a new macro-pore system but in its ...