<p>Prior to 2012, the integration of designed vertical or horizontal curves into microtunnel alignments was unheard of in Ontario. Straight and relatively short microtunnels, less than 200m long, were the local accepted industry standard. Following the ...

<p>This 80 page guide is a remarkable collaboration between clients, designers, contractors, manufacturers, research organisation and academia. Based on the results of six years of field studies and over ten years of research at Oxford University Department ...