<p>The 5 m diameter 23.3 km long Yacamb&uacute;-Quibor tunnel is designed to carry water through the Andes from the Yacamb&uacute; dam in the wet tropical Orinoco basin to the semi-arid but fertile Quibor basin in western Venezuela. The tunnel is excavated ...

<p>The tunnel squeezing phenomenonwas first described byTerzaghi (1946)who associated squeezing mainly with clay-rich rocks. Consistent with Terzaghi&rsquo;s original description, the focus of this paper is on tunnels in clays and clay-rich rocks such as clayshales. ...

<p>This paper deals with full face excavation of large size tunnels in rock masses of very poor quality which exhibit squeezing behaviour. Time dependence is accounted for explicitly by using constitutive models which have been validated with reference to ...

The Molycorp, Inc., Questa Mine, located in New Mexico, currently mines using a gravity-draw panel cave to extract molybdenum sulfide ore from the 600-m-deep D Orebody. Prior to initial development, geotechnical studies were undertaken to predict ground response ...

<p>The interaction between fully bonded rock bolts an the ground is analyzed through the homogenized material approach. The action of each radial reinforcement is smeared throughout the bolted rock annulus around the tunnel which is then treated as a fibre-reinforced ...

In tunnelling through heterogeneous rock masses, such as the flysch, it is important to attempt to obtain reliable estimates of potential tunnelling problems as early as possible. This enables the tunnel designer to focus on the selection of optimum routes ...

<p>A criterion for identifying the squeezing potential of tunnel is proposed. Tunneling conditions, classified as slightly or non-squeezing, moderately squeezing and highly squeezing, were identified by relating the strength-stress (cr,m/Po) ratio to the development ...

Small scale tunneling for oil has been performed onshore since the turn of the century. In the late 1970s and in the 1980s, several proposals were set froth for using subsea tunnels in the exploitation of offshore oil and gas fields. This article describes ...

Interaction between the ground and the support is well understood and considerable experience has been built up with different construction methods in recent years, the prediction of ground response to tunnelling under squeezing conditions still remains one ...

<p>Recent innovations in yield-control support systems are allowing contractors to increase the rate of advance when tunnelling in difficult conditions associated with severely squeezing ground. Such systems are being implemented and proven in tunnelling projects ...