<p>This Geoguide presents a recommended standard of good practice for rock cavern application and design in Hong Kong. The contents of this guide are derived from Scandinavian practice with suitable modifications for application in Hong Kong.</p>

The stability of the excavation face of shallow tunnels excavated in difficult ground conditions is currently a relevant problem in the sector for tunnelling and mining. Even though face-reinforcement interventions with fibreglass dowels have proved to be ...

The paper demonstrates the application of a hypoplastic model in class A predictions of a NATM tunnel in an urban environment. The tunnel, excavated in a stiff clay, is 14 m wide with 6 m to 21 m of overburden thickness. The constitutive model was calibrated ...

The Bolu Tunnels lie along Trans European Motorway (TEM) which is connecting Eastern Europe with the Middle East. The tunnels are approximately 3.0 km long, 40 m apart and have excavated cross sections more than 200 m2. In construction, New Austrian Tunneling ...

The paper presents the method for design of primary roof support for the large todoidal cavern constructed with 7m of rock cover beneath Sydney's Royal Botanic Gardens. Design of rock reinforcement using a combination of fully grouted rock dowels.

<p>This second report by the ITA Working Group on General Approaches to the Design of Tunnels presents international design procedures for tunnels. In most tunnelling projects, the ground actively participates in providing stability to the opening. Therefore, ...

<p>This paper provides an overview of a methodology being used by tunnelling experts, which captures the three-dimensional essentials of tunnel behavior with two-dimensional analysis tools. The methodology allows support designers to start off with reasonable ...

<p>In weak or faulted rock and high overburden considerable displacements occur during excavation of tunnels and galleries. In most cases the behaviour of the ground is not ductile, but governed by different failure modes. In the design stage it is important ...

<p>Recent innovations in yield-control support systems are allowing contractors to increase the rate of advance when tunnelling in difficult conditions associated with severely squeezing ground. Such systems are being implemented and proven in tunnelling projects ...

Common practice in tunnel design considers a deterministic approach for dimensioning primary support and final lining. Generally the design is based on some parameters statistics (for example the mean) and a fixed factor of safety is required to take into ...