Although some mines use monitoring techniques to gain additional information on roof stability, this practice is usually short-term and localized to address ground conditions in a particular section or part of the mine. A methodology to assess the risk for ...

The occurrence of landslides in urban hillside areas poses significant challenges for risk management within residential suburbs as well as along road and railway lines. The main focus of this paper is the development of an “observational approach” for landslide ...

Continuous observations made during the driving of a tunnel have always been taken for granted, just like keeping one's eyes on the road when driving a car. Therefore, the term 'observational method' often produces a reaction of surprise among tunnelling engineers ...

Growing needs for modern transportation and utility networks have increased the demand for a more extensive and elaborate use of underground space. As a result, more underground projects have to be completed in a variety of ground conditions, including weak ...

<p>A continuous observation during construction always has been an important element of geotechnical engineering for minimizing risks. The reasons are the uncertainties in the geological and geotechnical models, as well as the limited capability to sufficiently ...