<p>Shotcrete is a process where concrete is projected or &ldquo;shot&rdquo; under pressure, using a feeder or a &ldquo;gun&rdquo; onto a surface to form structural shapes including walls, floors, and roofs. The surface can be wood, steel, polystyrene, or any ...

<p>This paper describes the activities of the International Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (ITA) Working Group 12 on Sprayed Concrete Use. The Working Group has carried out tasks with the purpose of promoting information exchange between National ...

<p>Synthetic fiber reinforced concrete has been used in shotcrete for many years. This paper discusses select project case histories from around the world. The discussion focuses on why fibers are used and explains how there are many benefits, advantages, ...

An essential characteristic of this stretch is that it has been built under the water table by excavating in very heterogeneous soils, composed of granular soils and rocks of considerable resistance which has created numerous problems during the construction ...

<p>Shikoku Electric Power Co., Inc. which is one of the famous Japanese electric power companies has developed the technology to manufacture the highly functional fly ash (HFA) which is a brand name &ldquo;Finash&rdquo; produced by sorting and classifying ...

<p>The last few years, several projects have been successfully lined by sprayed concrete with an embedded double-bonded spray-applied membrane. This composite single shell liner offers significant reduction of total project cost and construction time. Especially ...

<p>Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete (FRS) reinforced with macro-synthetic fibres has now been used to stabilize ground in underground mines and tunnels, and for slope stabilization, for over 10 years. Experience has demonstrated that macro-synthetic bres are capable ...

<p>The Western Australian School of Mines (WASM) has developed a facility for the static testing of full scale ground support elements. The test facility consists of several stiff steel frames used to support the sample and a screw feed jack is used to load ...

<p>Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete (FRS) is now used together with bolts for ground support in almost every underground metalliferous mine in Australia. Safety and economy have been the primary factors driving the widespread adoption of this system of ground support. ...

<p>Adhesive mortar for tiles can be significantly improved by modification. Why should sprayed concrete not benefit similarly for various applications? This question has been investigated through large-scale tests in a tunnel cross passage, in an access gallery ...